The ketogenic diet (often referred to as "keto") is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has become hugely popular as a means to lose weight. However, a growing body of research is showing it may be efficacious for treating a variety of psychiatric disorders.

In his new book, Brain Energy, Dr. Palmer expounds the groundbreaking theory that all mental disorders are essentially metabolic disorders of the brain. Through myriad mechanisms of action, the Keto diet improves metabolic and neurological health.

Let's talk about ketones.

Ketones are molecules that are produced by the liver when the body is in a state of ketosis. They are created as a result of the breakdown of fat in the body, serving as an alternative fuel source for the brain and body when glucose (sugar) is in limited supply.

In a state of ketosis, the body burns fat for energy instead of glucose and ketones are a byproduct. These multipurpose chemicals are then used by the body for energy. This process occurs when the body is deprived of its primary source of glucose: carbohydrates.

Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles within cells, and play a crucial role in metabolism. Through a process called mitochondrial biogenesis, ketones can lead to the creation of new mitochondria, producing more energy and potentially improving overall metabolic health.

Ketones have also been shown to have a neuroprotective effect on the brain, reducing inflammation and improving the regulation of neurotransmitters. They also have anti-seizure properties; since the 1800s, the keto diet has been known to be an effective treatment for epilepsy.

One of the chief effects of maintaining a high-fat, low-carb diet is the reduction of oxidative stress, leading to improved symptoms for individuals with schizophrenia. It can also help regulate neurotransmitters, reducing the compulsive behavior associated with OCD.

Rapid fluctuations in blood sugar levels can result in irritability, mood swings, and decreased focus and concentration. Keto's ability to stabilize blood sugar levels has a direct impact on mood and behavior, making it a valuable option for those struggling with these issues.

Without those sugar spikes and crashes playing havoc with your system, this diet has a calming effect on the body and brain, reducing impulsive behavior and mood swings. This may make it a useful supplementary treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD).

This is the tip of the iceberg when it comes to keto. It's also a flexible diet, with vegetarian and vegan versions. However, it should still be approached with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as it can have potential risks or contraindications.